Geography of the Seychelles

Geography

   The Seychelles form a widely scattered archipelago of over 100 islands, in the Indian Ocean Northeast of Madagascar.

   The islands fall in two main physical types. The islands of the central group, including the main island Mahe, are formed from granite, and consist of a mountainous heart surrounded by a flat coastal strip. The outer islands are made up of coral accretions at various stages of formation, from reefs to atolls. These are generally smaller and almost entirely flat, lying only a few meters above sea level. Most of these islands have no water, and only a few are inhabited.

 The main islands enjoy high humidity and rainfall, feeding the lush tropical rain forest. Wildlife includes a rare giant land turtle and colourful reef animals such as the Green Sea Turtle.

 The islands have in the past suffered from human incursions, but are now strictly preserved and maintained. The islands are valued greatly for their unique forests and wildlife, some of which is only to be found within these islands.

Society

   Occupying a strategic position on the Europe-India sea route, the Seychelles were annexed by France in 1756 to support its colony on Mauritius. It passed to Britain after the Napoleon Wars. Most of the people are of mixed racial descent, and speak the Creole dialect. The Seychelles became independent in 1976 with James R. Mancham as president and Albert Rene as prime minister. In 1979 Albert Rene also took over the presidency, and has instituted a multiparty system. He has been re-elected several times, and has remained in office since 1979.

Economy

   The mainstay of the economy is tourism. Before the British handed over control of the Seychelles they built the International Airport on Mahe, which today receives all international planes and visitors. The islands agriculture no longer supports the expanding population. Copra, tobacco, cinnamon, vanilla and coconuts are grown for export, and much food is imported. Other exports include fish, guano and re-exported petroleum products. Industry is largely confined to food processing. Health care is excellent, and education is available to all children.